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Research paper · Foundational
A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity
The paper that turned CRISPR from a curiosity of bacterial immunity into a programmable tool.
간단한 설명
This is the paper that started modern gene editing. It showed that the Cas9 protein could be aimed at any DNA sequence you chose simply by giving it a matching RNA guide — and that the two natural RNA pieces could be fused into one, making the whole system far easier to use.
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Jinek, Chylinski, Fonfara, Hauer, Doudna and Charpentier demonstrated that Cas9 cleavage is directed by a dual-RNA structure of crRNA and tracrRNA, that cleavage requires a PAM, and that the two RNAs can be fused into a single chimeric guide RNA. The single guide RNA is the engineering step that made the system practical for laboratories worldwide.