Простое объяснение
Replacement insulin-producing cells work — but the immune system destroys them unless the patient takes powerful drugs that suppress it, which carry their own serious risks. These cells are edited to remove the markers the immune system checks and to display a signal that says 'leave me alone'. In early work, transplanted cells survived and produced insulin without any immunosuppression.
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Hypoimmune engineering knocks out B2M and CIITA to remove MHC class I and II and overexpresses CD47 to inhibit natural killer and macrophage clearance. Sana Biotechnology reported survival and insulin production from hypoimmune-modified allogeneic islet cells transplanted without immunosuppression, published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Sources
- New England Journal of Medicine · 2025
Survival of transplanted allogeneic beta cells with no immunosuppression ↗