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Emmanuelle Charpentier studies how bacteria work. She discovered a small RNA molecule — tracrRNA — that turned out to be an essential part of how the CRISPR system functions, a piece nobody knew was needed. That discovery made the collaboration with Jennifer Doudna possible, and the two showed together that the system could be programmed.
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Emmanuelle Charpentier is founding and scientific director of the Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens in Berlin. Her 2011 identification of trans-activating CRISPR RNA in Streptococcus pyogenes revealed a required component of type II CRISPR function; the subsequent collaboration with Doudna produced the 2012 demonstration of programmable Cas9 cleavage. She co-founded CRISPR Therapeutics, which went on to develop the first approved CRISPR medicine.
Sources
- The Nobel Foundation · 2020
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 ↗ - Nature (Deltcheva et al.) · 2011
CRISPR RNA maturation by trans-encoded small RNA and host factor RNase III ↗